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Macroeconomic measures of Bangladesh and Turkish economy

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Parent Category: 2026

Category: Content №3 2026

Created on 26 June 2026

Last Updated on 26 June 2026

Published on 30 November -0001

Written by S. A. Kader, N. M. Zayed, M. Akal, K. L. Ingram, F. O. Edeh

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Authors:

S. A. Kader, orcid.org/0000-0003-3959-7169, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey

N. M. Zayed*, orcid.org/0000-0001-7519-6552, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

M. Akal, orcid.org/0000-0002-0504-100X, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey

K. L. Ingram, orcid.org/0000-0001-9136-1896, Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius, Republic of Lithuania

F. O. Edeh, orcid.org/0000-0001-8041-1317,  Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

* Corresponding author e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

повний текст / full article

Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu. 2026, (3): 247 - 253

https://doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2026-3/247

Abstract:

Purpose. The purpose of this research is to examine the major factors that influence sustainable economic growth and offer evidence-based policy guidance for emerging economies.

Methodology. A timeseries analysis using data from the World Bank and IMF is conducted using Augmented DickeyFuller tests to ensure stationarity, Johansen cointegration to detect long-run relationships, and quantile regression to handle non-normality and multicollinearity.

Findings. Quantile regressions indicate that capital accumulation in Bangladesh has an elasticity of approximately 1.65–1.72 (p < 0.01), the labor force is negatively associated with GDP (coefficients 1.69 to 2.82, p < 0.01), exports exhibit an elasticity of »0.81 (p < 0.01), and naturalresource rents depress GDP by »0.25 to 0.29 (p < 0.01). For Turkey, exports (»0.38–0.39, p < 0.01) and FDI inflows (»0.13, p < 0.05) are positively and significantly associated with GDP, and capital accumulation is positive and significant in several specifications (up to »1.01, p< 0.01).

Originality. The study uses quantile regression to jointly evaluate multiple macroeconomic variables and contrasts two emerging economies with distinct economic structures - Bangladesh’s labor-intensive, export-driven model versus Turkey’s diversified industrial base, and highlights unique patterns such as labor inefficiency and resource dependency.

Practical values. Policy-makers are advised to prioritize capital investment, enhance labor-market efficiency, diversify exports, and try to attract sustainable foreign investment. Reducing dependence on natural-resource rents and labor-intensive sectors can help emerging economies like Bangladesh and Turkey achieve more resilient, broad-based growth.

Keywords: GDP, capital stock, labor force, export, foreign investment

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