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Decarbonization of automotive vehicle by converting diesel and gasoline engines to gas ones

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Parent Category: 2026

Category: Content №2 2026

Created on 25 April 2026

Last Updated on 25 April 2026

Published on 30 November -0001

Written by V. Krivda, O. Sakno, F. Abramchuk, A. Kuzmenko, D. Trofimenko

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Authors:

V. Krivda*, orcid.org/0000-0002-8304-2016, Dnipro University of Technology, Dnipro, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

O. Sakno, orcid.org/0000-0003-4672-6651, Dnipro University of Technology, Dnipro, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

F. Abramchuk, orcid.org/0000-0001-7430-7484, Dnipro University of Technology, Dnipro, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

A. Kuzmenko*, orcid.org/0000-0002-4029-4010, Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University, Kharkiv, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

D. Trofimenko, orcid.org/0009-0003-5480-0775, Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University, Kharkiv, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

* Corresponding author e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.; This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

повний текст / full article

Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu. 2026, (2): 050 - 058

https://doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2026-2/050

Abstract:

Purpose. Justification of a rational strategy for reducing carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from the exhaust gases of automotive internal combustion engines operating on gaseous fuels (natural gas  natural gas–hydrogen blends  hydrogen).

Methodology. The scientific study is based on experimental investigations of CO₂ emissions and other harmful exhaust gas constituents from internal combustion engines under laboratory conditions, mathematical modeling of in-cylinder combustion processes, and the calculation of harmful emissions during vehicle operation.

Findings. The use of engines operating on natural gas reduces CO₂ emissions by a factor of 1.5‒2 and significantly decreases emissions of NO_x, CO, and CH. Natural gas may serve as an intermediate fuel in the transition toward hydrogen energy systems. A substantial reduction in CO₂, NO_x, CO, and CH emissions can be achieved by enriching natural gas with hydrogen (up to 10 % H₂). These findings are confirmed by experimental studies of automotive engines conducted under WLTP and ESC driving cycles.

Originality. A relationship between carbon dioxide emissions and the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio (H/C) of the fuel has been established. Quantitative results of CO₂ emissions from exhaust gases were obtained for internal combustion engines operating on natural gas and on natural gas–hydrogen blends as fuels.

Practical value. A pathway for the substantial reduction of CO₂ emissions has been identified through an increase in the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio (H/C) of the fuel. The addition of hydrogen (H₂) to the fuel lowers the ignition energy required for reliable ignition of the primary hydrocarbon fuel, thereby enabling the elimination of multi-spark high-energy ignition systems in gaseous-fueled engines.

Keywords: internal combustion engine, decarbonization, fuel conversion, natural gas, hydrogen

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